feat: Replace MyPy with pyrefly type checker (do not merge)

Summary

This PR replaces MyPy with Meta's pyrefly type checker as a test to evaluate pyrefly as a potential MyPy alternative for the airbyte-python-cdk repository. The integration uses pyrefly's --suppress-errors auto-noqa feature to automatically add suppression comments for existing type violations, allowing us to focus on evaluating the tool's performance and usability rather than fixing legacy type issues.

Key Changes:

• Replaced mypy dependency with pyrefly ^0.26.0
• Updated CI workflow from mypy-check to pyrefly-check
• Updated type-check Poe task to use pyrefly check airbyte_cdk
• Added pyrefly configuration excluding bin, docs, and unit_tests directories
• Auto-generated suppression comments in 84 files for 530 type violations

Results: Local testing shows 0 errors (530 ignored) - pyrefly successfully runs with auto-noqa suppression.

Review & Testing Checklist for Human

• Verify CI passes: Ensure the new pyrefly-check job completes successfully and doesn't timeout
• Spot-check suppression comments: Review a sample of auto-generated # pyrefly: ignore comments to ensure they're reasonable and not masking critical type safety issues
• Test local development: Run poetry run poe type-check locally to confirm the workflow works for developers
• Performance comparison: Compare pyrefly runtime vs mypy (if data available) to assess performance implications

Diagram

%%{ init : { "theme" : "default" }}%%
graph TD
    pyproject["pyproject.toml<br/>Dependency & Config"]:::major-edit
    workflow[".github/workflows/<br/>python_lint.yml<br/>CI Pipeline"]:::major-edit
    poetry_lock["poetry.lock<br/>Lock File"]:::minor-edit
    airbyte_cdk["airbyte_cdk/<br/>84 Python Files<br/>with Suppressions"]:::minor-edit
    
    pyproject -->|"defines pyrefly ^0.26.0"| poetry_lock
    pyproject -->|"configures tool.pyrefly"| workflow
    workflow -->|"runs pyrefly check"| airbyte_cdk
    pyproject -->|"poe type-check task"| airbyte_cdk
    
    subgraph Legend
        L1[Major Edit]:::major-edit
        L2[Minor Edit]:::minor-edit
        L3[Context/No Edit]:::context
    end

classDef major-edit fill:#90EE90
classDef minor-edit fill:#87CEEB  
classDef context fill:#FFFFFF

Notes

• Testing Purpose: This PR is for evaluation only - marked as "do not merge"
• Auto-noqa Strategy: Used --suppress-errors to focus on tool evaluation rather than fixing existing type issues
• Requested by: Aaron ("AJ") Steers (@aaronsteers) for testing Rust-based Python type checkers as MyPy alternatives
• Session: https://app.devin.ai/sessions/89f33f9cbd9f48bda7165514bc3c1005
• Scope: airbyte-python-cdk only (PyAirbyte already has required type checking)

The large number of auto-generated suppressions (530) indicates significant type inconsistencies in the legacy codebase that pyrefly detected. This provides valuable insight into the codebase's type safety status while allowing evaluation of pyrefly's capabilities.